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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*yrgaj face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 name of a plant (irga) 2 honeysuckle, woodbind 3 juniper face="Times New Roman Star"1 èðãà 2 æèìîëîñòü 3 ìîææåâåëüíèê face="Times New Roman Star"irg|aj 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jyjra 3 face="Times New Roman Star"yrg|aj 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yrg|aj 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 166.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jyl/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 mountain forest, thicket 2 spine face="Times New Roman Star"1 ãîðíûé ëåñ, ÷àùà 2 õðåáåò face="Times New Roman Star"jys? 1 (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jys? 'high ground' (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jys? 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"d/ys? 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sis 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"his 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ys? 1 face="Times New Roman Star"jys? 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?ys 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 976, VEWT 202, ÝÑÒß 4, 44, Ëåêñèêà 94-95, Stachowski 105.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAn|ak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"door post face="Times New Roman Star"äâåðíîé êîñÿê face="Times New Roman Star"(qapug|) jan|aqy (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jan|aq face="Times New Roman Star"ja:q face="Times New Roman Star"c?a:q face="Times New Roman Star"jan|aq face="Times New Roman Star"DT 948, ÝÑÒß 4, 123-124. The root is traditionally considered merely a variant of *ja.jn|ak 'cheek, jaw' (v. sub *zi_a:\ni ), but it may be possible to separate them etymologically. Tat. > Chuv. janax > Mari, Udm. janak (Ôåäîòîâ 2, 500).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bodun face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"people face="Times New Roman Star"íàðîä face="Times New Roman Star"bodun (OUygh., Orkh,) face="Times New Roman Star"bod|un (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 306, TMN 2, 812, Ëåêñèêà 316.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"n|k- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to kick, buck face="Times New Roman Star"ïèíàòü, áðûêàòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|-, mo"n|ku"- face="Times New Roman Star"mu"ku"- face="Times New Roman Star"mo"ku"- face="Times New Roman Star"mo"x- face="Times New Roman Star"mo"g- face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|- (Ðàñ. ÔèË 207) face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|ku"- face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|ki- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 767, VEWT 342, ÝÑÒß 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jon| face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 accusation 2 to accuse face="Times New Roman Star"1 îáâèíåíèå 2 îáâèíÿòü face="Times New Roman Star"jon|a- (OUygh.) 2, jon|s?ur- (Orkh.) 'to embroil' face="Times New Roman Star"jon|a- (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"jon| 'indisposition' face="Times New Roman Star"c?on| face="Times New Roman Star"jon| 1 face="Times New Roman Star"son| 'enforcement' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 944, VEWT 206, ÝÑÒß 4, 223.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jyr- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"left, North face="Times New Roman Star"ëåâûé, Ñåâåð face="Times New Roman Star"jyr-g|aru (Orkh.), ir-, jir- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 201, EDT 954, 959, 973.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jula face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"light, torch face="Times New Roman Star"ñâåò, ôàêåë face="Times New Roman Star"jula (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jula (MK , KB , IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ula (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"jula (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ula 'lamp '(Tuva, if not < Mo) face="Times New Roman Star"z?|ula 'äðåíàæíûé ôèòèëü' face="Times New Roman Star"jula 'gun barrel; wick' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 210, EDT 919. Turk. > Mong. z?|ula (KW 479, Ùåðáàê 1997 , 125), whence Evk. z?|ula (Doerfer MT 125).
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ert- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to cut (off edges), make notches 2 to click 3 to pinch 4 to pinch (a musical instrument) face="Times New Roman Star"1 îáðåçàòü (êðàÿ), äåëàòü çàðóáêè 2 ùåëêàòü 3 ùèïàòü 4 èãðàòü íà ùèïêîâîì èíñòðóìåíòå face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 1 (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?irt- 2, 3, c?a"rda"k-la"- 'to hew' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 2, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"c?a"rt- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?irt- 1, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"sirte- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s?irte- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 1, 2 face="Times New Roman Star"c?irt- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"s/art 'a dent for inserting bottom into banded vessels' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 2, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ert- 2, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"s?ert- 2, 3, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"sirt- 2, 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 'to mark' face="Times New Roman Star"s?ert- 2, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"c?ert- 1, 2, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 105, EDT 428, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 87-88. The semantic development here is 'to make notches, indents' > 'break the edge', 'pinch' (whence 'to click with fingers') - not onomatopoetic, as suggested by Clauson.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o":(j)- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to think, understand face="Times New Roman Star"äóìàòü, ïîíèìàòü face="Times New Roman Star"o"- (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"o"- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"u"o"j- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 2-3, VEWT 368. Derived is probably *o":-g 'thought', *o":g-re- 'to learn' (see ÝÑÒß 1, 496-498, 501-502, Stachowski 198, 252).
face="Times New Roman Star"*KUr(g)- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"food face="Times New Roman Star"ïèùà, åäà face="Times New Roman Star"xorús/ face="Times New Roman Star"Àøì. XVI, 226-227. Isolated in Chuvash, but having probable external parallels.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"n|u"c? face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"larynx, windpipe face="Times New Roman Star"ãîðòàíü, äûõàòåëüíîå ãîðëî face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|u"c? (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"n|a"c? face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|u"-lu"k 'íàãðóäíîå óêðàøåíèå' (R ) face="Times New Roman Star"o|n|gac? face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|ga"c? face="Times New Roman Star"o"go"s face="Times New Roman Star"o":s 'ãðóäíàÿ êëåòêà' face="Times New Roman Star"o"c?, diL. o":c? (Leb.) face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|u"s, u"n|u"s face="Times New Roman Star"o":s? face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|o"c? face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|es? face="Times New Roman Star"u"n|a"s face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|es? face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 373, EDT 172, ÝÑÒß 1, 536, Ëåêñèêà 233.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"k- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to fall down, bow down face="Times New Roman Star"ïàäàòü, ñêëîíÿòüñÿ face="Times New Roman Star"u"ku"s- 'to nod, fall asleep sitting' face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- face="Times New Roman Star"o"ko"j- 'to bow (forwards)' face="Times New Roman Star"o"ko"j- 'to bow (forwards)' face="Times New Roman Star"Stachowski 199.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kal- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 old man 2 to be tired 3 to be ? years old face="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòàðèê 2 óñòàâàòü 3 èìåòü âîçðàñò face="Times New Roman Star"qal- (Orkh., YB ) 3 face="Times New Roman Star"qal (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qal- 'to come to an end' (CCum .) face="Times New Roman Star"qala- 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xoll-en 'slowly' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 224. EDT 615-616. Chuv. xullen is derived (by Tekin 1975 , 281) from PT *K(i)al/an| (v. sub *ki_ol/a ), but it rather belongs here.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kolu face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 period of time 2 originally face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïåðèîä âðåìåíè 2 ïåðâîíà÷àëüíî face="Times New Roman Star"qolu 1 (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"qolu 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 617, Ëåêñèêà 69-70, Clark 1977 , 148-149.
face="Times New Roman Star"*opa face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"white powder, white lead face="Times New Roman Star"áåëûé ïîðîøîê, ñâèíöîâûå áåëèëà face="Times New Roman Star"opo (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"opo (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"opa (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"upa face="Times New Roman Star"upa face="Times New Roman Star"oba face="Times New Roman Star"obo face="Times New Roman Star"upa face="Times New Roman Star"opa face="Times New Roman Star"opa face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 363, EDT 6, ÝÑÒß 1, 465-466.
face="Times New Roman Star"*saj- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to slander, lie 2 slander, lie face="Times New Roman Star"1 êëåâåòàòü, ëãàòü 2 êëåâåòà, ëîæü face="Times New Roman Star"sajig| 'delirium' face="Times New Roman Star"sajg|a- 1, sajg|ax 2 face="Times New Roman Star"sajg|aq 2 face="Times New Roman Star"soj- 1, soj 2 face="Times New Roman Star"saj- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 395, ÝÑÒß 7, Àøì. XI, 160.
face="Times New Roman Star"*To"mgek face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"stump face="Times New Roman Star"ïåíü face="Times New Roman Star"tu"mge|k face="Times New Roman Star"to.ngak face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|n|e face="Times New Roman Star"dial. to"kbes? (Joki - Kyz.) face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|o"s? face="Times New Roman Star"t@m,t@meke face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|u"rga"s, to"gu"rga"s face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|u"rges face="Times New Roman Star"do"ho"s? face="Times New Roman Star"din|gek face="Times New Roman Star"t/du"n|ga"k, tu"mka"k face="Times New Roman Star"to"n|gek face="Times New Roman Star"tu"ngek face="Times New Roman Star"din|gek face="Times New Roman Star"to"ngek face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 493, ÝÑÒß 3, 279-281, Ôåäîòîâ 215, Stachowski 228.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sygyt- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to cry, weep 2 weeping face="Times New Roman Star"1 ïëàêàòü, ðûäàòü 2 ïëà÷ face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt (Orkh.) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt 2 (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"sy:t 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"yta:- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"yta:- 1 face="Times New Roman Star"syjt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"syg|yt 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 806, VEWT 415, ÝÑÒß 7, Stachowski 262.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Teb face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"trick, device face="Times New Roman Star"òðþê, øóòêà face="Times New Roman Star"teblig 'tricky' (Orkh., OUygh.), teb (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tev (MK ), tevlig 'tricky' (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 468, EDT 434.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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